Hubungan Antara Pola Makan, Tingkat Stress, Dan Usia Ibu Hamil Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Gestasional Pada Ibu Hamil Di Klinik Kehamilan Sehat Harapan Indah Bekasi Tahun 2022

Relationship Between Diet Patterns, Stress Level, and Age of Pregnant Mothers with the Event of Gestational Hypertension in Pregnant Mothers in Health Indah Pregnancy Clinic Bekasi in 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is the third leading cause of death after stroke and tuberculosis. The Indonesian Ministry of Health reported that the prevalence of hypertension in pregnant women in 2020 was 20,7% and in 2015 as many as 19,3% of all pregnant women in Indonesia, this shows an increase from 2015 to 2020 (Ministry of Health 2018). Based on the provinces in Indonesia, the province with the highest prevalence of hypertension in pregnant women is South Kalimantan (44,1%), and the lowest is in Papua (19,7%), while in West Java province it is below the average number namely (28,9%).¹ The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between diet, stress levels, and the age of pregnant women with the incidence of gestational hypertension in pregnant women at the Health Indah Pregnancy Clinic Bekasi in 2022.

 Methods: This research method used a descriptive-analytic research method with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were pregnant women who had their pregnancy checked at the Health Indah Pregnancy Clinic in Bekasi. The sampling technique in this study used a simple random sampling technique and obtained a total sample of 90 respondents. The data analysis technique used univariate analysis and bivariate analysis.

 Results: In the variable of gestational hypertension, respondents who experienced gestational hypertension were 30 people (33,3%), then respondents who had a good diet were 59 people (65,6%). On the stress level variable, respondents who experienced mild stress were 71 people (78,9%), then pregnant women who had a vulnerable age under 20 years were 18 people (20,0%), and those aged over 30 years were 20 people. (22,2%). There is a relationship between the diet of pregnant women and the incidence of gestational hypertension as evidenced by the P-Value (0,002 < 0,05). The Odds Ratio value is 1,817 (95% CI = 0,280-2,384) which means that the poor diet of pregnant women can increase the chance of developing gestational hypertension. There is a relationship between the stress level of pregnant women and the incidence of gestational hypertension as evidenced by the P-Value (0,016 < 0,05). The Odds Ratio value is 8,854 (CI = 2,602-30,134) which means that pregnant women who experience severe stress can increase the chance of developing gestational hypertension. There is a relationship between the age of pregnant women and the incidence of gestational hypertension. P-Value (0,000 < 0,05). The Odds Ratio value is 1,708, which means that pregnant women under 20 years old and above 31 years old can increase the chance of developing gestational hypertension.

 Discussion: There is a relationship between diet, stress level, and the age of pregnant women on the incidence of gestational hypertension at the Health Indah Pregnancy Clinic in Bekasi.