Pengaruh Balance Exercise terhadap Pencegahan Risiko Jatuh pada Lansia dengan Penyakit Kronis Tahun 2025

Effect of Balance Exercise on Fall-Risk Prevention among Older Adults with Chronic Diseases in 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Older adults with chronic diseases face increased fall risk due to impaired balance, muscle weakness, medication effects, and reduced mobility. Objective: To determine the effect of balance exercise on fall-risk prevention among older adults with chronic diseases. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group included 64 community-dwelling older adults, with 32 participants per group. The intervention group completed supervised balance exercise three times weekly for eight weeks, while the control group received standard fall-prevention education. Outcomes were Timed Up and Go and Berg Balance Scale scores. Independent t tests and analysis of covariance were used. Results: Timed Up and Go improved from 15.8 to 12.7 seconds in the intervention group and from 15.6 to 15.1 seconds in controls. The between-group difference in change was -2.6 seconds (95% CI -3.8 to -1.4; p<0.001). Berg Balance Scale increased by 6.3 versus 1.1 points (p<0.001). High fall risk declined to 28.1% versus 56.3% (risk ratio 0.50; 95% CI 0.27-0.91). Conclusion: Eight weeks of balance exercise improved functional mobility and balance while reducing high fall risk among older adults with chronic diseases.