Pengaruh Status Gizi terhadap Berat Badan Lahir Bayi di Puskesmas Ciracas Tahun 2025

Effect of Maternal Nutritional Status on Infant Birth Weight at Ciracas Community Health Center in 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Maternal undernutrition may restrict fetal growth and increase the risk of low birth weight, neonatal morbidity, and long-term developmental problems. Objective: To analyze the effect of maternal nutritional status on infant birth weight at Ciracas Community Health Center in 2025. Methods: A retrospective analytic study reviewed 180 singleton mother-infant records. Maternal chronic energy deficiency was defined as a mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5 cm at the first antenatal visit. Low birth weight was defined as birth weight below 2,500 g. Independent t test, chi-square test, and multivariable logistic regression were used. Results: Chronic energy deficiency was identified in 36 mothers (20.0%). Mean birth weight was lower among infants of undernourished mothers than among infants of mothers without chronic energy deficiency (2,872+/-384 g vs 3,186+/-356 g; p<0.001). Low birth weight occurred in 33.3% and 6.3% of the groups, respectively. After adjustment for maternal age, anemia, parity, and preterm birth, chronic energy deficiency remained associated with low birth weight (aOR 5.68; 95% CI 1.95-16.52; p=0.001). Conclusion: Poor maternal nutritional status was associated with lower infant birth weight and substantially higher odds of low birth weight.