Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Insomnia Pada Remaja

Factors Associated with Insomnia Incidence Among Adolescents

Abstract

Introduction: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder among adolescents characterized by difficulty initiating sleep, maintaining sleep, or experiencing poor sleep quality. Adolescence is a vulnerable period due to biological changes, academic demands, psychological stress, and increasing digital device use. Poor sleep quality may affect cognitive function, emotional regulation, academic performance, and overall health. Objective: This study aimed to analyze factors associated with insomnia incidence among adolescents. Methods: This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design involving 200 adolescents. Data were collected using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), stress questionnaire, anxiety assessment, gadget usage questionnaire, physical activity questionnaire, and caffeine consumption questionnaire. Data analysis included univariate analysis and Chi-Square test. Results: The prevalence of insomnia among adolescents was 43%. Significant factors associated with insomnia were excessive gadget use (p=0.001), academic stress (p=0.002), anxiety (p=0.004), low physical activity (p=0.018), and caffeine consumption (p=0.032). Excessive gadget use showed the strongest association with insomnia (OR=3.24). Conclusion: Insomnia among adolescents is associated with behavioral, psychological, and lifestyle factors. Prevention programs involving sleep education and healthy lifestyle promotion are needed.