Bibliometric Visualization of Stunting Risk Factors and Rationality of Stunting Reduction Targets in Indonesia

Visualisasi Bibliometrik Faktor Risiko Stunting dan Rasionalitas Target Penurunan Stunting di Indonesia

Abstract

Introduction: Stunting remains a major public health challenge in Indonesia, affecting child growth, cognitive development, and future productivity. Indonesia has established ambitious stunting reduction targets; however, achieving these targets requires a comprehensive understanding of multidimensional risk factors. Bibliometric analysis provides an overview of research trends, scientific relationships, and dominant themes related to stunting determinants. Objective: This study aimed to visualize scientific trends regarding stunting risk factors and analyze the rationality of stunting reduction targets in Indonesia using bibliometric approaches. Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted using Scopus-indexed publications from 2015 to 2025. Articles related to stunting and its risk factors in Indonesia were extracted and analyzed using VOSviewer software. Keyword co-occurrence, publication trends, citation analysis, and thematic clustering were performed. Results: A total of 428 publications were identified. The visualization analysis revealed four major research clusters: maternal and household factors, environmental sanitation, intervention and policy strategies, and child growth and development. Maternal nutrition, breastfeeding, sanitation, poverty, and nutrition interventions were among the most frequently occurring keywords. Conclusion: Stunting research in Indonesia has developed toward a multidimensional approach. The national reduction target requires integrated interventions involving nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive strategies.