Mengidentifikasi Faktor Gizi Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Di Kecamantan Cimanggis Kota Depok Tahun 2021

(Identifying Nutritional Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Cimanggis District, Depok City in 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is the second-largest degenerative disease in Indonesia which is influenced by several factors such as obesity, low physical activity, and poor diet.

Methods: This study aimed to identify nutritional factors in 77 types 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Depok by using a cross-sectional descriptive research design. This study used a purposive sampling technique with Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria, analyzed using univariate analysis.

Results: The results were mostly female respondents 84,4%; aged 51-60 years 76,7%; nutritional status of obesity 44,2%; high school education level 40,3%; respondents not working 68,8%; income level Rp 1,000,000 up to Rp 2,000,000 per month 39%; and respondents who consumed 87% of the drug when the blood sugar level (GDS) was 71,4%; breakfast frequency was 72,7%; strength of muscle mass was weak 51,9%. Moderate physical activity 59,7%; moderate glycemic index consumption 64,9%; moderate category glycemic load consumption 48,1%; and central obesity 75,3%.

Discussion: This research concludes that low nutritional factors can increase the risk of type II DM in Cimanggis Health Center, Depok City in 2021. In maintaining nutritional balance in DM patients, blood sugar levels, and characteristics (gender, age, nutritional status, recent education, occupation, income, drug history) must be considered as glycemic index, and glycemic load on food, breakfast habits, physical activity, muscle strength, and central obesity.